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Solving optimization problems in lower and upper secondary school
Michal, Jakub
The goal of this diploma thesis is to gather and describe ways the optimisation problems had been solved before the calculus was invented. Some of the methods identified through history are generalised and these which could be utilised at secondary or primary school education are described more in depth. Thesis descri- bes the method, where educator follows historical development of the problem in classroom and what benefits it might bring, as well. There is a section dedicated to evaluation of experiment which goal was to investigate understanding of pupils to certain concepts in the field of optimisation, mainly concerning isoperimetric problem. It was also focused on the pupils fe- edback to different approaches of optimisation problem solving. 1
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Analysis of multiplication methods and their application to teaching aids
BOUDOVÁ, Anna
The aim of the dissertation is to analyse various methods of multiplication. Present and historical methods of multiplication will be included in analysis. Each method will be described and then they will be compared together. Based on some selected methods didactic aids will be created to support the teaching of mathematics. There will be following process of elaboration: - Research of literature related to the issue - Analysis of methods of multiplication - Study of Framework Education Programme for Basic Education - Analysis of the development of multiplication in selected sets of textbooks - Comparison of multiplication methods - Creation of didactic aids
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History of Kurzweil integral
Berková, Andrea ; Halas, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Slavík, Antonín (referee)
The presented work deals with history of Kurzweil integral. It focuses primarily on its comparison with other important integrals, namely Newton, Rie- mann, Lebesgue, Perron and McShane integral. Each of them is discussed in a separate chapter which acquaints with their authors and theories. Attention is also oriented to Jaroslav Kurzweil and Ralph Henstock. There are also mentioned the circumstances of the discovery of the Kurzweil integral. The aim is to high- light the theory of integration, which has its origins in Bohemia and despite its elementary definition, which is very general and usable in many applications.
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Solving algebraic problems in history and in the classroom
Vojáček, Josef ; Kvasz, Ladislav (advisor) ; Zamboj, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of historical solutions of word problems with student solutions. Its aim was to describe how students solve historical word problems, while looking for analogies between student and historical solutions. This intention led me to a better understanding of student solutions. The theoretical part of the thesis describes important concepts for algebraic word problems, such as a variable, algebraic expression or algebraic word problem. In the historical part I describe chronologically the development of algebra from antiquity through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance to the Baroque. In each period, I mention important mathematicians of the time and present several solved word problems. In most cases, I analyze these solutions from the perspective of today's mathematics. The theoretical part describes the research that took place at the eight-year grammar school. As part of the research, I gave students 6 historical tasks across historical periods and then analyzed the ways in which students solved problems. I found that for most of the tasks, there were solutions similar to the historical solutions among the student's solutions. Some historical methods appeared very often. An example is the use of addition instead of multiplication, or division, as used by the...
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Solving optimization problems in lower and upper secondary school
Michal, Jakub ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Pilous, Derek (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis is to gather and describe ways the optimisation problems had been solved before the calculus was invented. Some of the methods identified through history are generalised and these which could be utilised at secondary or primary school education are described more in depth. Thesis descri- bes the method, where educator follows historical development of the problem in classroom and what benefits it might bring, as well. There is a section dedicated to evaluation of experiment which goal was to investigate understanding of pupils to certain concepts in the field of optimisation, mainly concerning isoperimetric problem. It was also focused on the pupils fe- edback to different approaches of optimisation problem solving. 1
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Historical development of numerical methods and computational techniques, from the perspective of mathematics education in elementary school.
DIVÍŠKOVÁ, Michaela
In my diploma thesis I deal with historical numerical procedures and their application in teaching. In a total of eight chapters, I describe counting techniques from history, such as magic squares, interesting counting algorithms, unconventional divisibility criteria, ancient numeration techniques, golden ratio, figurate numbers, and graphic papers. I deal with the use of historical numerical methods in teaching in the final chapter. This chapter contains eight worksheets and activity suggestions with methodical commentary.
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History of Kurzweil integral
Berková, Andrea ; Halas, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Slavík, Antonín (referee)
The presented work deals with history of Kurzweil integral. It focuses primarily on its comparison with other important integrals, namely Newton, Rie- mann, Lebesgue, Perron and McShane integral. Each of them is discussed in a separate chapter which acquaints with their authors and theories. Attention is also oriented to Jaroslav Kurzweil and Ralph Henstock. There are also mentioned the circumstances of the discovery of the Kurzweil integral. The aim is to high- light the theory of integration, which has its origins in Bohemia and despite its elementary definition, which is very general and usable in many applications.
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Historical development of numerical methods and computational techniques.
DIVÍŠKOVÁ, Michaela
In my bachelor thesis I deal with historical development of numerical methods and computational techniques. In the first chapter, the introduction of the concept of number and the writing process. In the second chapter, I present the basic numerical methods and algorithms for a variety of mathematical operations. In the third chapter, I will devote counting techniques and aids to facilitate calculations. The final chapter, I focus on computation of periodic rational and irrational numbers.
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